Background: Croup, which is seen commonly in childhood is a group of disorder that can be recurrent and progress to bronchial asthma. In this study, the prevelance of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and atopy and the response of the therapy, are investigated in children with recurrent croup. Methods: Between the dates of October 2003-June 2004, 57 patients with acut stridor were admitted to the emergency room. The patients that had at least three croup episodes and patients with the first croup episode are compared. Results: Thirty-two children had recurrent croup history, GER was found in of 62.5%, and atopy in 17.2%. Atopy was not found in any children with first croup episode. The difference was significant. In addition, we found that, atopic dermatitis, wheezing history in the previous life and established atopy increased the risk of croup recurrence. Alone or combined inhaled corticosteroids and GER therapies were given, and 77.7% of the patients responded very well. Conclusions: GER and atopy should be investigated in patients with recurrent spasmodic croup. Recurrent croup, can be accepted as a nonspesific manifestation of atopy. Patients with atopy should be followed closely for developing bronchial asthma.