Indigenous peoples across the globe have higher morbidity and mortality rates than their non-Indigenous counterparts.(1) The nine-year gap in life expectancy between New Zealand's Indigenous Maori population and other New Zealanders has led to sweeping primary care reforms to improve health and reduce disparities.(2,3) The seven-year gap between Canada's First Nations, Metis, and Inuit populations and other Canadians led to the dedication of one of the 13 Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Institute of Aboriginal Peoples' Health, solely to improving the health of Canada's Indigenous peoples.(4) (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 23, 2015: e1-e4. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302447).