The data are provided on the health status of 850 children-orphans and effectiveness of their health promotion under conditions of sanatorium dispensary. The following results were obtained: the abnormalities in physical development were identified in 22 percent of children, high incidence of ENT diseases (18.8%), visual disturbance (18.8%), deviations in the somatic status (18.7%) and in neuropsychic development (12%). The children of the I group health constituted 7 percent. The experience is summarized of health promoting activities among children from 4 boarding schools. It is indicated that health promotion has a favourable effect on child neuropsychic status, with the rate of acute diseases per year being declined by 2.2 times and the incidence of chronic diseases aggravations--by 1.5. The high efficiency of health promotion under conditions of sanatorium-dispensary permits to recommend this method for wide introduction into the practical performance of curative and preventive institutions.