An analysis of the incidence of acute ischemic attacks (AIA) has shown its steady rise in the population of Orenburg in 1997-2000, men are 1.8 times more frequently ill than women with a relatively stable growth in both examined groups. Analyzing morbidity rates in age groups (under and above 50 years) has demonstrated a substantial increase in the incidence of AIA in the under 50-year group living in the Industrial District. The blood levels of essential trace elements in patients with AIA are lower than the normal values in the residents of the Industrial and Central Districts.