An intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change (TTM) used an indigenous helper (a helping relationship) to promote smoking cessation. The research examined whether there was a difference in post-intervention smoking behavior between smokers who had an indigenous helper compared with those who did not among adult FreshStart participants. Smoking behavior was measured in two ways: forward movement along the TTM stages of change, and point prevalence. A two-group, two-time, five-week multi-site experimental design was used. Participants (N=111) completed instruments at baseline and four weeks. The findings did not support use of the TTM construct helping relationships for smoking cessation. The use of a helping relationship did not predict smoking cessation. Nicotine replacement therapy and/or bupropion predicted smoking behavior in all analyses.