Endemic, biogeochemical peculiarities of the Chuvash Republic territory were analyzed. The regional statistical analysis of the biogeochemical province influence on trace and major mineral elements content in food stuff was carried out. The conducted study let us reveal the following chief problems in the nutritional status of the population of the Republic which led to the inferior health rate and were associated with the biogeochemical peculiarities of the region: selenium, copper, manganese, ferrum deficiency in the food ration.