The epidemiological picture and clinical course of thyroid carcinoma in children in the Russian Federation (St.Petersburg, Chelyabinsk, Arkhangelsk) and the nearest abroad (Belarus, Ukraine) are compared. The influence of the radiation pollution is determined after the Chernobyl accident on the appearance and aggressiveness of the course of thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents living in St. Petersburg. Epidemiology and results of treatment of 105 patients of this age having thyroid carcinoma are analyzed who were treated from 1986 till 2007 in the St. Petersburg center of surgery and oncology of organs of the endocrine system. A reliable relationship was noted between the time of the appearance and aggressiveness of the course of thyroid carcinoma in patients in St. Petersburg with the data obtained from the regions exposed to radiation pollution after the Chernobyl accident. Good results of surgical treatment are shown as well as of survival of radio-induced and sporadic thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents.
