The article presents results of the study of fatty-acid spectrum of triglycerides in insulin resistance patients with metabolic syndrome. An analysis was done on fatty-acid spectrum of triglycerides in healthy men and women, difference between types of dislipidemia diagnosed in men and women, including women in regard to their reproductive function. The authors found increase in palmitic acid level in fatty-acid spectrum of triglycerides in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion was made on correction of patient diet at the expense of ratio of saturated, nonsaturated and essential polyene acids: decrease in quantity of palmitic acid and increase in oleic acid for primary and secondary prevention atherosclerosis.