OBJECTIVES: To assess changes in women's attitudes towards risk and benefits of, and use of hormone treatment in the menopausal transition (HT) before and after Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) and the oestrogen and progestin trial of Women's Health Initiative (WHI). METHODS: Postal questionnaires to all women 53 and 54 years of age in a Swedish community in 1999 (n=1.760) and 2003 (n=1.733). Data on sales of HT were collected from the database of the National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies. RESULTS: The fraction of women reporting current use of HT fell from 40.5 to 25.3% (p