OBJECTIVE--To assess the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella among refugees from the former Soviet Union (FSU). DESIGN--Descriptive study. SETTING--Soviet Immigrant Health Care Program, Sinai Samaritan Hospital, Milwaukee, Wis. PATIENTS--Consecutive sample of 496 Jewish refugees from the FSU presenting for new arrival screening from December 1, 1990, through January 11, 1993. OUTCOME MEASURES--Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antibody, hepatitis B surface antibody, and measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies. RESULTS--At least one hepatitis B marker was detected in 22% of the refugees, and HBsAg was detected in 0.4%. The rate of HBV infection (any marker present) increased with increasing age, ranging from 4% among those aged 0 through 19 years to 31% among those aged 50 through 59 years (chi 2 test for trend, 13.5; P