Previous studies on overweight and obesity among Aboriginal peoples in Canada have been inconclusive. A systematic review was conducted on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Canadian Aboriginal populations. Major bibliographic databases were searched for relevant studies published between January 1990 and June 2013. We reviewed 594 abstracts and included 41 studies in the meta-analyses. Using the heterogeneity test (Cochrane Q) results, the overall prevalence was estimated using fixed- or random-effects model. Non-adults (