Chryseobacterium frigidum sp. nov., isolated from high Arctic tundra soil, and emended description of Chryseobacterium bernardetii and Chryseobacterium taklimakanense.
A yellow, Gram-reaction-negative, non-motile, aerobic bacterium, designated D07T, was isolated from a tundra soil near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Archipelago, Norway (78°N). Growth occurred at 4-37? (optimum 28-30?) and at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0-8.0). Produce flexirubin-type pigments. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain D07T belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium in the family Flavobacteriaceae. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain showed 93.83 and 93.31% sequence similarity, respectively, with those of the type strains of Chryseobacterium contaminans C26T and Chryseobacterium taklimakanense X-65T. The strain D07T contained anteiso-C15:0 (25.91%), iso-C15:0 (16.05%), iso-C16:0 3OH (9.64%), iso-C16:0 (9.42%) and iso-C14:0 (7.36%) fatty acids as the predominant cellular fatty acids, MK-6 as the major respiratory quinone, one phosphatidylethanolamine, five unknown amino lipids and three unknown lipids as the main polar lipid. The DNA G+C content was 49.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain D07T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium, for which the name Chryseobacterium frigidum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D07T (=CCTCC AB 2011160T = KCTC 42897T).