X-ray examination of the lumbar spine of 268 Greenlanders and a corresponding number of Danes were reviewed in order to diagnose arteriosclerotic lesions of the abdominal aorta. In 10.4% of the Greenlanders and 11.6% of the Danes major calcifications were found. The two groups did not differ in distribution of age and sex of patients with arteriosclerotic lesions. It is known that arteriosclerotic complications occur less frequently in Greenlanders than in Danes. The study seems to indicate that this cannot be explained by a rarer occurrence of generalized arteriosclerosis.