This study documents the factors that influenced the decision of 12 women of child-bearing age whether to have a child in the three years following an infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Three of the 12 women are intending to have a child, and their intention stems from their beliefs and positive attitudes toward having a child, their partner's positive influence, the absence of their children, their denial of the disease and the absence of symptoms within their family. For the nine other women, the factors that influenced their decision not to have a child include the sociopolitical and economical context, the fact their family is complete, the fact they are seropositive or III, their fear of transmitting the infection and the idea of losing a child to AIDS.