The article covers a topical problem--study of transitory disablement in oil-processing workers suffering from peptic ulcer. The authors demonstrate data on increased occurrence of peptic ulcer among those workers engaged mostly into the main industrial process and stress the great economic detriment caused by the disease. Application of endoscopy treatment and therapy within the local prophylactic department appeared to dramatically decrease the transitory disablement. The article could be interesting for gastroenterologists, industrial medicine officers.