The purpose of the investigation was 1) to determine the prevalence of C. trachomatis among young men and women enrolled in military service, 2) to compare enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) of a urethral swab with a sample of first voided morning urine, 3) to determine frequency of earlier venereal diseases (VD) and actual symptoms of urethritis and cervicitis. EIA positive specimens were confirmed by immunofluorescent microscopy. The investigation comprised 831 men and 80 women (17-26 years). The prevalence was 5.7% (95% confidence limits 4.2-7.4%) and 15% (8-25%) for men and women, respectively (p
