The hygienic training of pediatricians is very important in terms of introducing research achievements into practical public health service. Knowledge must be permanently replenished in the system of postgraduate training by giving up the job for 4 months every 5 years, including an obligatory monthly training in ecological and hygienic problems. The licensing system of the specialists' right to professional activity requires to be introduced. The qualification grade of a pediatrician and the payment of his/her work should be determined by a set of specific licences.