The major problems facing medical entomology as a science and practical health care facilities in the Russian Federations allows to outline the tasks to be solved in order of their priority and significance. These include the study and monitoring of tick-borne infections, resurrecting malaria, gnat-induced diseases, acariases, allergosis and pediculosis. It is emphasized that medical entomology as a science cannot develop since the man-made changes of the environment and the predicted global warming of the Earth climate are not taken into account. The present status of medical entomological service is considered to be poor. Governmental support is required.