Three features of ulcer prevalence in Russia and therapeutic policy in ulcer consist of an increase of ulcerous patients number, a decrease of elective operations number for uncomplicated ulcers and an increase of emergency operations rate in complicate ulcer. Decrease of elective operations number leads to increase of emergency operations rate in complicated ulcer. The majority of complicated ulcers has long-term anamnesis, complications develop in chronic ulcers. Expansion of indications to elective operations in uncomplicated gastric and duodenal ulcer is advocated.