Based on the results of socio-hygienic and medical organization research carried out at N. A. Semashko Institute, the authors discuss transformation of activities of a modern local pediatrician and addition of medical psychologist, adolescent therapist, and gynecologist to the staff of primary pediatric centers. Chronometric studies with evaluation of working time expenditures and estimation of the number of staff members helped determine standard staff for pediatric outpatient clinics.