Tuberculosis mortality rates increased in the Kirov Region during 1990-200, but remained lower than those in Russia. In the past 2 years, the mortality became stable. The sociomedical structure and the causes of death were studied in 62 patients with tuberculosis who had died in the hospital of the Kirov regional tuberculosis dispensary in 2000-2001. An analysis was made among new cases and cases registered at the dispensary. Deaths more commonly occurred in males (83.8%), able-bodied and poor individuals (75.8 and 61.3%, respectively), patients with acutely progressive pulmonary tuberculosis (53.2%), and those with drug resistance (48.4%). Tuberculosis progression was the main cause of death in 53.2%.