The authors present evaluation of possible untimely death rate due to ambient air pollution in Russian cities. For evaluation, the authors used data of everyday monitoring of air pollution in 1993 and 1998, carried out by Russian Hydrometeorology Service. Findings are that 219,000-233,000 untimely deaths (or 15-17% of total annual death rate) in Russia could be caused by air pollution. The authors discuss possible factors influencing exactness of the presented evaluation.