The Republic of Tyva is a most poor tuberculosis region in the Russian Federation. The main epidemiological indices of this disease are 2.5-3 times greater than the average indices in Russia. A clinicoepidemiological analysis was conducted in the Tuvinians suffering from tuberculosis. Overall, the clinical picture of the nosological entities of pulmonary tuberculosis among the indigenous population corresponds to the present views of the pathomorphism of the disease. Essential epidemiological factors, such as the duration of the disease, the method of its detection, and comorbidity, are responsible for the development of the clinical signs of tuberculosis.