The paper provides the data of an epidemiological survey for acute brain injury in the pediatric population in Nalchik (Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria) during 3 years (1991-1993). The incidence of acute brain injury was 4.32 +/- 0.30, 5.13 +/- 0.34, and 5.44 +/- 0.36 per 1000 children in 2001, 2002, and 2003, respectively, i.e. there is a statistically significant trend for the figures to increase (t = 2.39; p