Effective management, including that in phthisiology is impossible without assessing the conditions and divisions of work. The accuracy and objectivity of estimates, integral ones in particular, depends on what specific parameters are used to evaluate objects. A scientifically grounded three-step system is proposed to select parameters to assess objects in phthisiology. The system has been tested to characterize important sections of phthisiology, such as the tuberculosis epidemiological situation and the level of organization of tuberculosis-controlling work. Important results have been obtained. The index of early recurrences under the present conditions has been found to characterize the severity of endemia of tuberculosis rather than the quality of tuberculosis-controlling work. According to the specific epidemiological situation, childhood tuberculosis mortality and morbidity may be epidemiological indices and the indices reflecting the quality of tuberculosis-controlling work.