How detection of patients with tuberculous pleurisy is organized in the Voronezh Region in the period of 1979 to 2003 was studied. Tuberculous pleurisy was diagnosed in 2681 (31.73%) of 8450 patients with pleural effusion of diverse etiology. A package of necessary studies was determined for the verification of the diagnosis. It is suggested that it is expedient to establish a pleural pathology unit at a tuberculosis hospital for enhancement of the efficiency of diagnosis and verification of tuberculous pleuritis.