The presented research data reflects the somatic health state in males and females from couples with primary and secondary infertility as compared with couples without reproductive function disorders. The analysis is done from the position of possible formation of hierarchy of factors which levels and structure impact on the development of infertility followed by scientific substantiation of its prevention. The analysis of self-assessment revealed more chronic diseases in the couples with primary and secondary infertility as compared with couples without reproductive function disorders i.e. 52% of males and 56% of females with primary infertility and 51% of males and 69% of females with secondary infertility. In the mentioned groups the most frequent, both monthly and annual exacerbations of chronic diseases. In patients without reproductive function disorders reliably low rates of morbidity are common.