There are no prospective population-based studies examining predictive associations between childhood bullying behavior and adult criminality.
To study predictive associations between bullying and victimization at age eight and adult criminal offenses.
Nationwide birth cohort study from age 8 to 26 years.
The sample consists of 5,351 Finnish children born in 1981 with information about bullying and victimization at age eight from parents, teachers, and the children themselves.
National police register information about criminal offenses at age 23-26 years.
When controlled for the parental education level and psychopathology score, bullying sometimes and frequently independently predicted violent (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.9-7.9, p