Moscow State Unitary Enterprise--united ecological, scientific and research centre of decontamination of radioactive waste (RAW) and environmental protection SUE SIA "Radon"; Territorial department of the Moscow Administration of the Federal service on customers' rights protection and human well-being surveillance in the South Administrative district of Moscow Study covered physical and mental development of 2733 children aged 4-7 years, residing in South Moscow Municipal County with objects of potential radiation jeopardy. Findings are that residence near that objects causes no negative influences on physical and mental development of the preschoolers. Share of children with lower functional parameters and arrested development was smaller and that of children with weight deficit was higher in the area with objects of potential radiation jeopardy. The differences revealed result from socio-economic conditions in the families and from general educational and physical training programs level at the preschool institutions.