The incidence of brain tumours: analysis of epidemiology figures and neurooncology service status in the Ulyanovsk region during 1996-2005 was investigated. This article demonstrates lack of early brain tumour diagnosis in the region owing to insufficient equipment of medical care facilities and low level of expertise among primary care phycisians. Risk factors for complications development and increase in postoperative mortality are defined. The uniform algorithm of medical care for brain tumour patients will allow considerably improve treatment results.