Adenovirus infections occur in different military groups as acute respiratory diseases combined with backsets and pneumonia. At definition of etiological structure of acute respiratory diseases in 1606 soldiers of 1-2 year of service, placed in the division of infectious diseases of the military medical academy in 2000-2011, dominance of an adenoviral infection (37.4%) was revealed, especially in non-epidemic periods of influenza (77% in 2007-2008). Adenoviral diseases among the hospitalized patients became complicated pneumonia in 17.8% of cases, and the proportion of adenoviral pneumonia in the overall community-acquired pneumonia with acute respiratory disease was 55.2%.
In the field infectious military hospital work with double-triple overcharge. It leads to reduction of health care to patients, requires the additional hospital departments or evacuation of contagious patients to other hospitals. That is why the pre-hospital care is of prime importance. According to modem concept the number of interim stages is minimal--1 stage--on site of definition of contagious patients (isolator of medical station of military unit) and 2 stage--infectious military hospital. Main measures of health care to contagious patients during the pre-hospital stage are early active detection of patients or suspected of having infection, early clinical diagnosis, medical sorting, delivery of emergency care, treatment in isolators in case of delay of evacuation and evacuation in infectious military hospital.
The article presents data about world spread of Ebola virus disease, biological characteristics of the pathogen, the laws of the epidemic process in this disease, its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis. Pointed out that the current anti-viral agents, effective for the Ebola virus, have not been developed. Timely performed pathogenetic therapy improves the prognosis of the disease. The basis of this therapy is infusion-detoxification activities and replenishment of losses, of electrolytes, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-emetic drugs. The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation received the guidelines for preventive measure that can reduce Ebola virus disease transmission. Recommendations for emergency anti-epidemic commission consisted of representatives of the command, specialists and medical services and logistics, are given. Fundamentally important condition for the effective anti-epidemic measures is not only the constant readiness of medical personnel in the detection of disease EVD, but also the appropriate level of equipment of medical institutions of medical supplies and equipment.
Respiratory diseases for many years in the Armed Forces of the Russian occupy the leading position in the structure of the pathology of internal organs. Preventive measures to prevention of the emergence and spread of acute respiratory infections among soldiers can help to reduce the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the armed forces. Particular attention is drawn to the control of the conditions of accommodation, food and combat training of military personnel, as well as the implementation of the commanders of their duties. Shows typical action plans for the prevention of outbreaks of infectious diseases of the respiratory tract in military units and algorithms for the treatment of respiratory infections in military personnel in military units and hospitals.
Epidemiological assessment of isolated and combined infection's rate, features and character in the RF Samara Province on the examination basis of 4869 patients with viral hepatitis symptoms in their blood. The clinico-laboratory in-depth study conducted by the Military Medical Academy with participation of 150 volunteers-servicemen proved that "healthy" carrying of hepatitis B and C was really a latent infectious process of hemocontact viral hepatitis.
Virus hepatitis A and B have certain characteristics traits in personnel with gunshot wounds, especially when the wounds are of medium and high degrees of severity. Virus hepatitis A in the injured men is distinguished by shortened initial period, predominantly of dyspeptic or mixed type, as well as by grave and complicated course sometimes ending with lethal outcome. Virus hepatitis B in the injured men is characterized by the absence of pre-icteric period or weakness of its manifestations in many cases, by the prevalence of mild forms of the disease, as well as by increased tendency to development of chronic forms. During virus hepatitis A and B the traumatic disease often acquires grave and complicated course. In wounded personnel with hepatitis A the complications develop mainly on the background of medium or high degrees of severity of infection, whereas, during hepatitis B they develop predominantly on the background of mild forms of infection.
